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Far from being a universally defined notion, aggression is a changing and multifaceted phenomenon encompassing various concepts. There is no consensus as to how different types of aggression should be classified: multiple ways of doing so using a variety of criteria exist in the scientific literature. Some scientists categorise aggressive acts according to how they are expressed, while others prefer to look at motive, function, purpose and objective. Despite the claim of some authors that distinguishing between different types of aggressive acts is not always productive, categorising these according to different purposes and objectives can be very useful, both for developing theory and because such an approach serves forensic practice as well as preventive and therapeutic interventions, as these focus on the propensities and personality of the individual. Furthermore, given that the main functional classifications analysed show a common tendency to dichotomise, it would seem appropriate for their terminology and some of their measurement instruments to be standardised.

Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editors -- 1. Introduction -- Part I Among Global Players -- Chapter 2. The United Kingdom and Its Future Contribution to The Defence of Europe -- Chapter 3. The Indo-Pacific: The Gauntlet Thrown Down by U.S., India, Japan and Australia -- Chapter 4. Russian Federation and Turkey vis-à-vis Europe -- Part II Challenges to Security -- Chapter 5. Economic Intelligence and National Security -- Chapter 6. Analytical Approach to Emergent Hybrid Threats Phenomena. Case Study: EU and Colombia -- Chapter 7. Competition in the Outer Space and Ocean Depth -- Chapter 8. The Terrorist Attack Model Against Diplomatic Interests -- Chapter 9. Today's Challenges to International Peace and Security: Searching for Quality in International Affairs -- Part III Necessary changes -- Chapter 10. New World Stage, New Weapons, New Military Doctrines -- Chapter 11. Long-Lasting Solutions to the Problem of Migration -- Chapter 12. The Role of NATO -- Chapter 13. EU Strategic Autonomy. Need for deeper changes -- Part IV Social aspects -- Chapter 14. Information Society and the Protective Influence of Security Culture -- Chapter 15. Conflict Resolution in Prisons. Education, Restorative Justice and Prisoner Facilitated Mediation -- Chapter 16. The necessary link between Security Culture and Data Protection in the European Union -- Epilogue.

Prologue -- Introduction -- Part I: Security Issues -- Social science and security culture's three streams of energy -- The EU defence against a new type of threat: corruption -- European cybersecurity: future challenges from a human rights perspective -- The refugees issue in the frame of European security: a realistic approach -- The meta-tragedy of the Commons. Climate change and the securitization of the Arctic Region -- Part II: Defence aspects of European Union -- From the European Defence Community to the Permanent Structured Cooperation -- The Permanent Structured Cooperation: its true potential value -- Untangling the separate concepts of security and defence in the context of BREXIT -- Why nations fail? -- European Union vis-a-vis Non-Proliferation Treaty, Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty and Nuclear Weapon Ban Treaty -- Part III: Outer Borders of Europe -- Northern Flank considerations -- How can Europe cope with challenges at its Southern flank? -- Maritime dimension in the fight against illegal migration: the Southern Europe Western route -- Eastern Flank of EU and NATO – challenge and opportunity -- Part IV: NATO -- Russia's A2/AD policy as a balancing strategy versus NATO enlargements -- NATO-UE cooperation: milestones and challenges -- EU-NATO relations -- Rough times ahead for NATO -- Epilogue

PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS AND INTRODUCTION -- Part 1 - European perspective -- Chapter 1. Sovereignty and Defence in the future of the European Union -- Chapter 2. The hegemonic rivalry between the PRC and US: EU's place -- Chapter 3. The Russia–Ukraine conflict from an international law perspective -- Chapter 4. The Russian commitment to Eurasianism: A crazy idea for European Security and Defence? -- Chapter 5. Eurasia vs. West: history, causes, and issues related to de Ukrainian war -- Chapter 6. Security of the Eastern Borders of the EU in the context of the Functions of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency. Selected elements -- Part 2 - Far East Challenges -- Chapter 7. Chinese expansionism without borders. Threat to international security -- Chapter 8. Chinese influence in the southern cone: Bolivia, Chile and Argentina -- Chapter 9. The role of the Philippines in the South China Sea -- Chapter 10. Artificial Islands in the South China Sea. Territorial Disputes in the Area. United Nations Conference of the Law of the Sea proposals -- Chapter 11. The arbitral decision regarding historic rights and the lawfulness of certain actions of China in the South China Sea under Annex VII to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea -- Part 3 - Global Risks -- Chapter 12. The risk of misuse of nuclear technology in the context of geopolitical conflict between the west and the east -- Chapter 13. Returned foreign terrorist fighters: different responses to a common security threat to Asia and the West? -- Chapter 14. Cyber intelligence over Cyber security in the Asia-West conflict -- Chapter 15. Jihad in Europe: Towards a predictive model for the neutralization of terrorist threats -- Chapter 16. Developments oblige the new Iranian Government to give a higher priority to its neighbouring countries -- Chapter 17. Analysis of Crisis management systems in the contexts of the Global Economic Crisis and Military-Political Changes -- EPILOGUE.

This book contributes to the current knowledge and research on conflict and cross-cultural dialogue, emphasizing how respect, tolerance and dialogue may be quite effective tools for bridging the diverse cultures and, consequently, for solving many of the conflicts of today's world, characterized by a dynamic interchange of populations with very diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds. For this purpose, we rely on reputed scholars from ten different countries, and from different cultures and fields of expertise, which allows for diverse contributions from a valuable interdisciplinary perspective. The first section of the book deals with the correlation between cultural differences and conflict, while also showing how such conflicts can be prevented and, should they arise, managed and solved. The second section addresses a different, more specific issue: how cultural expression means and tools for cultural communication may lead to conflict whereas they may help to avoid it as well. Finally, the third section analyzes how legal and justice systems deal with cross-cultural conflicts as well as with situations which may lead to cross-cultural conflicts, thus assessing to which extent such systems contribute to avoid and/or solve such kind of conflicts

Annotation

Contents -- Introduction -- Prologue -- Cyberspace -- 1 On How the Cyberspace Arose to Fulfill Theoretical Physicists' Needs and Eventually Changed the World: Personal Recallings and a Practitioner's Perspective -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Most Humble Aim: Producing Professionally-Looking Preprints and Sending Their Encoded Files by Using Computers -- 3 Paul Ginsparg and the ArXiv Concept -- 4 The World Wide Web -- 5 Fulfilling the Needs of Theoretical Physicists -- 6 Once More the Same Discourse, but from a Different Perspective -- 7 The Uncountable Present Uses of Cyberspace -- 8 The Dangers of Cyberspace -- 9 The Future of Cyberspace -- 10 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- 2 Narrative Mapping of Cyberspace. Context and Consequences -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Cyberspace Context -- 2.1 Context Background -- 2.2 Contemporary Context -- 3 Cyberspace Consequences-General -- 4 Overarching Consequences of Cyberspace -- 5 Specific Consequences of Cyberspace: A Selection of Four -- 5.1 Power Consequences -- 5.2 Consequences for Conflict -- 5.3 Consequences for Personal Well-Being (Human Security) -- 5.4 Consequences for Business -- 5.5 Consequences for the Future -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- 3 A Conceptual and Legal Approach to the Cyberspace: The Dilemma Security Versus Freedom -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction: Equilibrium and Evolution of Crime and Technology -- 2 Examples of the Criminal Activities Involved. Terrorism and Organized Crime. Means Used to Commit Crimes -- 3 Privacy, Data Use and Big Data -- 4 Right to Forget and Right to Remember -- 5 Cyber-Criminal Controls and Impunity -- 6 Cyber Intelligence -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- 4 The Digital Revolution in Developing Countries: Brief Analysis of the Dominican Republic -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 ICTs and Development -- 2.1 Human Development

This book deals with two areas: Global Commons and Security: inextricably melted together and more relevant than ever in a world which is ever globalized and… with an incognita looming on the horizon: the effects of the Coronavirus pandemic upon the International Relations and globalization. Global Commons have always been relevant. It was Mahan who argued that the first and most obvious light in which the sea presents itself from the political and social point of view, is that of a great highway; or better, perhaps, of a wide common… Nowadays, this view has been further developed and, in addition to the unique legal implications that the Global Commons introduce, they are viewed, more and more intently, as a common pool of resources. Or perhaps, not that common… Resources, the key word! Which has to be always supplemented by two key words: access and security. And still, another one: data, the cyberspace contribution to the equation.

Radicalization, Terrorism, and Conflict is a collection of scholarly works, authored by international researchers and leading thinkers, addressing contemporary, history-making issues in international security and terrorism from an interdisciplinary perspective. Contributors to this edited volume represent global perspectives, ideas, analysis, and research. Radicalization, Terrorism, and Conflict transmits relevant findings, theory, and policy ideas for scholars of security and terrorism studi